In international relations on the eve of the First World War, the Moroccan question was one of the most significant nodes of contradictions. It gave rise to two acute crises, closely intertwining the competition of European powers, the anti-colonial struggle of the local population and the rivalry for power within the sultanate itself. But no matter how acute the contradictions on Moroccan soil reached, European states managed to find a compromise. In the end, the rivalry of the powers over Morocco did not lead to a major European war, although it significantly contributed to its approach. Keywords: Franco-German rivalry, Algeciras Conference, S. Pichon, M. Rouvier, civil war, Bosnian crisis, M. Hafid, Casablanca incident, Baghdad railway, Franco-German agreement of 1909, antagonism of the Entente and the Triple Alliance, Moroccan question. One of the most important stages in the development of the struggle of the powers for Morocco was the period 1907-1909. It contained the first attempt to find a compromise on Moroccan soil between France and Germany - rivals in the sultanate and members of antagonistic blocs; its failure; a sharp aggravation of Franco-German relations, which almost led to a new crisis, and a temporary settlement of differences, enshrined in a formal agreement. It ensured for some time the peaceful course of the Moroccan issue during the period under review, preventing its aggravation. The development of events was influenced by both external factors (the Bosnian crisis) and internal events in Morocco (the civil war). The General Act of the Algeciras Conference of 1906 was the logical conclusion of the events of the First Moroccan Crisis. It established three principles of Morocco's continued existence: its sovereignty, territorial integrity and the principle of "open doors", which Germany particularly insisted on. At the same time, international guardianship over the sultanate was established, with the predominant role of France and Spain [Delonc ... Read more